Nursing Skills | Respiratory Assessment Basics

Respiratory assessment evaluates the effectiveness of ventilation and oxygenation. Nurses observe respiratory rate, rhythm, depth, and effort. They assess for signs of distress such as nasal flaring, retractions, or use of accessory muscles. Auscultation identifies normal and abnormal breath sounds, including crackles, wheezes, or diminished airflow. Nurses also evaluate oxygen saturation, skin color, and mental status, as hypoxia can cause confusion or agitation. History-taking includes asking about cough, sputum, smoking, allergies, or chronic conditions like asthma or COPD. Documentation includes findings, interventions, and patient response. Early recognition of respiratory changes supports timely treatment and prevents complications.

Hints About Observation of Breathing

Visual cues reveal distress.

Tips About Auscultation

Identifies abnormal lung sounds.

Facts About Oxygenation Assessment

Evaluates saturation and color.